A forklift should be inspected properly and given a test run prior to buying it. This applies particularly to trucks being obtained on line. It is important to find possible problems with trucks bought from businesses on-line.
Be certain to start the engine from cold, and note the ease with which the engine turns over and whether there is too much smoke. This is especially essential with trucks that have IC engines.
Testing the performance of the truck in challenging situations should be included in the test run. A driver who is trained can maneuver the truck in reverse and forward, up the ramp.
You can inspect an IC engine truck yourself. On a clear part of floor, run the truck around for a few minutes while a trained operator tests the hydraulic functions. Afterward, examine the ground underneath for signs of fluid leakage. Even seemingly insignificant leaking can lead to serious issues that will be very costly to repair later on.
A qualified individual should inspect the masts and chains. Check with and without a load that the mast operates well. Watch for 'binding' or sticking of the mast. A warning sign is play in the mast channels or between the fork carriage and mast. One more is creeping forward or creeping down of the mast when loaded. These can be signs of issues with ram, valve or seals.
If the truck is not new, the mast may have been changed at some time. Make certain that the mast and any fitted attachments adhere to the rating plate on a truck. Check that the sideshift is not sticking when loaded.
Looking closely at the thickness of the heel for damage or wear should be included in the inspection. The truck's manufacturer specifies minimum thickness. A loose fit could mean the carriage or hanger points are worn. Watch for cracks on the arms at mountings and heels.